Digital Marketing Glossary
Plain-English meanings for the SEO, Google Ads, analytics, and AI search terms you meet in our courses. Every term links to a free lesson where you can practice it.
Recently changed
- Attribution Model GA4 dropped four rule-based models in 2023.
- Core Web Vitals INP replaced FID in March 2024.
- Google Analytics 4 Universal Analytics stopped processing data in July 2023.
- Key Event GA4 renamed conversions to key events in 2024.
- Responsive Search Ad Expanded text ads were retired in June 2022.
0-9
- 301 Redirect
Moving a page for good: anyone landing on the old address gets sent to the new one.
Technical SEO
A
- AI Overviews
Google's AI-written answer box above some results, citing the pages it used.
AI Search - Alt Text
A short description of an image in your HTML, read aloud by screen readers.
HTML - Anchor Text
The clickable words in a link. Good ones tell readers where the link goes.
SEO for Beginners - Answer Engine Optimization (AEO)
Making your content the one-line answer Google or an AI assistant gives when someone asks a question.
AI Search - Attribution Model
The rule for deciding which ad, click, or channel earns the sale.
Analytics
B
- Backlink
A link pointing to your site from someone else's, often treated as a vote of trust.
SEO for Beginners
C
- Canonical Tag
A line of HTML that picks the main copy when several URLs show the same page.
Technical SEO - Click-Through Rate (CTR)
How often people click after seeing your result or ad, shown as a percentage.
SEO for Beginners - Conversion Funnel
The path from first look to purchase, broken into steps so you can see where people quit.
Analytics - Conversion Tracking
Measuring the sales, leads, or calls your ads and website bring in.
Google Ads - Core Web Vitals (CWV)
Google's three measures of loading speed, responsiveness, and layout stability.
Technical SEO - Cost Per Click (CPC)
What you pay each time someone clicks your ad.
Google Ads - Crawling
How Google's bots visit pages and follow links to discover what's online.
SEO for Beginners
E
- Engagement Rate
In GA4, the share of visits where people actually stayed, clicked, or viewed more.
Analytics
G
- Generative Engine Optimization (GEO)
Getting your brand named or linked when ChatGPT, Perplexity, or Gemini write an answer.
AI Search - Google Ads
Where you pay to appear at the top of Google, on YouTube, and across millions of websites.
Google Ads - Google Analytics 4 (GA4)
Google's free tool for tracking what visitors do on your website or app.
Analytics - Google Business Profile (GBP)
Your free listing on Google, where customers check your hours, location, and star ratings.
Local SEO - Google Reviews
What customers say about your business on Google, with a 1 to 5 star score.
Local SEO - Google Search Console (GSC)
Google's free dashboard for your site: which searches show it, how often it gets clicked, and any indexing problems.
SEO for Beginners
H
- HTML
The code behind every web page, telling the browser what's a heading, a paragraph, a link, or an image.
HTML - HTTP Status Code
The three-digit reply a server gives for every page request, like 200, 301, or 404.
Technical SEO
I
- Indexing
Google saving a page to its database. A page that isn't indexed can't show up in search.
SEO for Beginners - Internal Linking
Links between pages on your own site that guide visitors and help Google find pages.
SEO for Beginners
K
- Key Event
A GA4 action you mark as important, like a form submit. It used to be called a conversion.
Analytics - Keyword Cannibalization
Two of your own pages fighting over one search, dragging both down.
SEO for Beginners - Keyword Mapping
Deciding which page on your site targets which keyword, one main topic per page.
SEO for Beginners - Keyword Match Types
Settings that decide how loose or strict Google is when pairing searches with your keywords.
Google Ads - Keyword Research
Finding the words people type into Google so you know what to write and target.
SEO for Beginners
L
- Local Keywords
Searches with a place in them, like "dentist Pasig", or ones where Google assumes you want nearby results.
Local SEO - Local Pack
The box of three nearby businesses on a map that appears for searches like "near me".
Local SEO - Local SEO
Helping a business show up when nearby customers search, especially on Google Maps.
Local SEO
M
- Meta Description
A short page summary in your HTML that Google may show under the headline.
SEO for Beginners
N
- NAP Consistency (NAP)
Making sure your business details, like location and contact number, match on every website and directory.
Local SEO - Negative Keyword
A word you block so your ads stay away from people who won't buy.
Google Ads
Q
- Quality Score
A grade from Google Ads, out of 10, for how well your keyword, ad, and destination page fit together.
Google Ads
R
- Redirect Chain
When one redirect leads to another before reaching the final page, slowing things down.
Technical SEO - Responsive Search Ad (RSA)
An ad format where you write many headlines, then Google rotates them to learn which mix wins.
Google Ads - Robots.txt
A small file that tells bots which parts of your site not to crawl.
Technical SEO
S
- Schema Markup
Code that labels your content, like a product or course, so search engines understand it.
AI Search - Search Engine
The tool you type a question into, like Google or Bing, that pulls matching pages from its saved copy of the web.
SEO for Beginners - Search Intent
What the searcher actually wants: to learn, to find a site, to compare, or to buy.
SEO for Beginners - Semantic HTML
Using HTML tags that say what something is, like <nav> for menus, rather than plain <div> boxes.
HTML - SEO Crawler
Software like Screaming Frog that scans your site the way Googlebot does, for auditing.
Technical SEO - Staging Environment
A practice version of your site, hidden from the public, where you try updates first.
Technical SEO
T
- Technical SEO Audit
A health check of how well search engines can crawl, index, and load your site.
Technical SEO - Title Tag
The page title in your HTML that usually becomes the blue headline in Google results.
SEO for Beginners
U
- UTM Parameters (UTM)
Labels you add to a link so analytics can tell you exactly where each visitor came from.
Analytics
X
- XML Sitemap
A list of your page URLs in one file, so Google doesn't miss any.
Technical SEO
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Questions about this glossary
Are these definitions free to use?
Yes. Every definition and every linked lesson on FreeCourses.Digital is free, with no sign-up.
How is a glossary entry different from a lesson?
A glossary entry tells you what a term means and how it differs from similar terms. The linked lesson shows you how to use it, with a hands-on activity.
How often is the glossary checked?
Each term shows the date it was last reviewed. Terms that changed recently, like GA4 key events, are listed near the top of this page.